Vitra Museum, Weil Am Rhein, Germany (Photo: iStock)
Cover Vitra Museum, Weil Am Rhein, Germany (Photo: iStock)

Explore five exceptional design museums where the architecture rivals the masterpieces within

Museums have been around for centuries and are dedicated to collecting and preserving objects and artefacts that hold cultural, historical, scientific, or artistic significance. Museums dedicated to design, however, only began to emerge in the 20th century, reflecting the growing recognition of design as a distinct and influential aspect of culture. 

To enrich your design knowledge, we’ve chosen five extraordinary museums housed within modernist masterpieces. Whether it's Tokyo’s  21_21 Design Sight, where the structure itself is an artistic marvel by Tadao Ando or Berlin’s Bauhaus Archiv, which is a living homage to the iconic design movement, embark on a design odyssey, where each museum is not just a repository of creativity but an awe-inspiring work of art in its own right.

Read more: Understanding the design concepts behind these 4 famous NYC museums

1. Vitra Design Museum, Weil am Rhein, Germany

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Vitra Museum, Weil Am Rhein, Germany (Photo: iStock)
Above Vitra Museum, Weil Am Rhein, Germany (Photo: iStock)

Located in Weil am Rhein, Germany, the Vitra Design Museum was designed by Frank Gehry and features the renowned architect’s signature dynamic interplay of curves and unconventional shapes.

Completed in 1989, its unconventional form and use of materials make it a striking presence amid the serene landscape. With sloping curves, finished in white plaster, and a zinc alloy plated roof referencing a nearby factory building by Nicholas Grimshaw, the museum was Gehry’s first realised building in Europe.

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Vitra Museum, Weil Am Rhein, Germany (Photo: iStock)
Above Vitra Museum, Weil Am Rhein, Germany (Photo: iStock)

With a relatively modest 8,000 sq ft of exhibition space, the building’s interior includes four primary display galleries, production spaces, a test laboratory, a cafeteria, a multi-purpose room, and offices.

The functional needs of these spaces determine the size of the volumetric towers, bridges, and cubes, while their arrangement reflects a deliberate intention to generate spatial intrigue.

The main furniture collection, originally consisting solely of Vitra CEO Rolf Fehlbaum’s approximately 200 modern and contemporary chairs, has since grown to over 6,000 objects, including chairs, cutlery, consumer electronics, and architectural prototypes.

See also: Home tour: A cheerful hilltop house in Los Angeles with mid-century charm

2. Bauhaus-Archiv, Berlin, Germany

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The Bauhaus-Archiv, Berlin, Germany (Photo: Unsplash/Joel Filipe)
Above The Bauhaus-Archiv, Berlin, Germany (Photo: Unsplash/Joel Filipe)

The Bauhaus Archiv in Berlin, envisioned by architect Walter Gropius but not completed until after his death, pays homage to the iconic Bauhaus movement it represents. Completed in 1979, the building reflects the principles of modernism with its clean lines, geometric shapes, and functional design.

Its distinctive structure, characterised by a flat roof and a white façade, captures the essence of Bauhaus aesthetics. 

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The Bauhaus-Archiv, Berlin, Germany (Photo: Unsplash/Wen Chen)
Above The Bauhaus-Archiv, Berlin, Germany (Photo: Unsplash/Wen Chen)

The building, listed as a protected monument in 1997, contains a total of 700 square metres of exhibition space, which houses an extensive collection of artworks, designs, and documents, providing a comprehensive view of the influential design school.

In 2015, Berlin architect Volker Staab won a competition to design a new building on the site with a proposal incorporating a five-storey glazed tower to accommodate 2,300 square metres of flexible exhibition.

The Bauhaus Archiv was temporarily closed when construction started, with an interim exhibition space opening in the Charlottenburg district.

Don't miss: Home Tour: A Bauhaus-Style Home In Shah Alam That's Feng Shui Compliant

3. The Design Museum, London, United Kingdom

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The Design Museum, London, United Kingdom (Photo: Unsplash/Benjamin Cheng)
Above The Design Museum, London, United Kingdom (Photo: iStock)

Originally situated along the banks of the River Thames, the Design Museum in London reopened in Kensington in 2016 in a city block masterplanned by OMA, the world-famous architects led by Rem Koolhaas and in a 1960s modernist structure that underwent a transformative redesign by architect John Pawson.

Pawson’s vision created a minimalist and light-filled space, showcasing the museum’s diverse exhibits seamlessly. At the same time, the striking hyperbolic paraboloid roof, an original feature, adds a distinctive touch to the skyline.

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The Design Museum, London, United Kingdom (Photo: iStock)
Above The Design Museum, London, United Kingdom (Photo: iStock)

Pawson’s aim was to create “a beautiful building that people will feel good in” with oak-lined walls and a soaring atrium that widened as it rose.

The Design Museum’s interior engages open spaces and thoughtful design, reflecting its commitment to celebrating innovation and creativity across various disciplines.

Read more: Home tour: A Japandi-style nineteenth-century townhouse in London

4. 21_21 Design Sight, Tokyo, Japan

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21_21 Design Sight, Tokyo, Japan (Photo: iStock)
Above 21_21 Design Sight, Tokyo, Japan (Photo: iStock)

21_21 Design Sight in Tokyo was designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Tadao Ando, inspired by Issey Miyake’s concept in the clothing design of “A Piece of Cloth” with a roof comprising one sheet of folded steel. 

Completed in 2007, the museum is a harmonious blend of concrete and glass, embodying Ando’s signature minimalist style. 

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21_21 Design Sight, Tokyo, Japan (Photo: Unsplash/Hisashi Oshite)
Above 21_21 Design Sight, Tokyo, Japan (Photo: Unsplash/Hisashi Oshite)

The structure’s geometric simplicity complements the surrounding landscape of Tokyo Midtown and incorporates Japan’s world-leading technology, such as the country's longest sheet of double-glazed glass.

The building’s fluidity and innovative use of space create a dynamic environment for the exhibition of contemporary design. Inside, the galleries feature a flexible layout, accommodating diverse exhibits.

See also: Design Districts: 5 Tokyo neighbourhoods that travellers should explore

5. Triennale Milano, Italy

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Triennale Milano, Italy (Photo: iStock)
Above Triennale Milano, Italy (Photo: iStock)

Nestled in the cultural heart of Milan, the Triennale Milano was designed by Giovanni Muzio and completed in 1933.

Conceived by Muzio as a flexible, multi-functional container, the building boasts a striking Rationalist style with clean lines and dynamic symmetry, it also features large glazed openings and saw-tooth roofs as a reference to industrial architecture.

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Triennale Milano, Italy (Photo: iStock)
Above Triennale Milano, Italy (Photo: iStock)

The Triennale’s continuous commitment to contemporary art and design is evident in its flexible exhibition spaces and serves as Italy's most important museum exclusively focused on industrial design against a lush Parco Sempione backdrop.

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